To make steel Mostly Pig Iron is used, which is produced by using the blast furnace process in which 92-94% iron and 3-5% carbon with smaller amounts of other elements. Other elements such as manganese and nickel were added to reduce the carbon content to give the steel specific properties.

The Pig Iron is formed by the use of raw materials like iron ore, coke, sinter, and limestone. These materials are goes to the blast furnace, where very hot air is blown, or blasted. The oxygen in the hot air reacts with the materials to form carbon monoxide then the carbon monoxide reacts with the iron ore to form carbon dioxide or we can say pure iron.